The Web Server is a complete clone of Lithium’s Twisted Web 2.1 branch (well, almost complete: I removed some stuff that doesn’t work on Python 3). It contains several enhancements, notably support for ASP/ASPX, JSP/JSPX, BSF/BSD, PHP/PHP3 and high-level logic HTML files that can be part of a more complex page.
Twisted Web is a high-performance web server written in Python, based on the event-driven networking engine Twisted. A Twisted Web program consists of a number of short-lived servers, each running as a different thread.
Twisted Web Server Example
Twisted is a Python framework for writing network applications. It provides a high-level interface over low-level networking primitives, designed to be highly scalable and flexible. With Twisted, you can write network programs quickly and easily.
Twisted provides an event-driven asynchronous networking framework, along with a large number of libraries that support many common protocols, including IRC, NNTP, POP3, XMPP/Jabber, SSH, AIM/ICQ, HTTP/HTTPS, Telnet and FTP. Twisted supports SSL (including TLS) connections as well as IPv6.
Twisted runs on most major operating systems (Linux/Unix and Mac OS X 10.4+ included), and can be used from Python 2.4 up through 3.2 (soon 3.3).
A simple example of a Twisted web server. The server sends a response in JSON format. This is just a toy example and the code is not production quality. It’s meant to show how easy it is to write a Twisted web server in Python 3.
The code is available on GitHub: https://github.com/twistedweb/twisted-example-webserver
Twisted is a collection of servers and clients for building networked applications. It uses the actor model and non-blocking I/O to make writing scalable network applications easier.
The Twisted web server is a complete example of a web server that uses Twisted. It is designed to be simple enough to understand as an example, but also works in real life.
The example is written in Python 3, but should work with Python 2.7 without modification.
The example server provides only the most basic functionality:
* A single page that shows the current time and date.
* An HTML form that lets the user set the time and date manually, which updates the display on the main page when submitted.
The first version of Twisted was written in 1998 by volunteers, led by David McNab, to support the Python web application framework wxPython. Today it’s used in many other projects as well, including Zope and Pylons.
Twisted is cross-platform: most of the code runs on all supported platforms (Windows, Mac OS X, Linux). It also works with Python 2.5+ and 3+. Twisted supports IPv4, IPv6 and Unix domain sockets for networking protocols.
Twisted is a Python-based framework for network programming. It includes a complete set of tools and protocols to build clients and servers. Twisted supports many different styles of programming, from classic blocking sockets to event-driven asynchronous networking. Twisted is used in many major products, including YouTube, LinkedIn, and Blip.tv.
The Twisted web server is an example of a simple Twisted application. It uses the twisted.web.server module to provide HTTP 1.1 server functionality on top of the Twisted networking framework.
Twisted is a Python library for creating network applications such as servers, clients and proxies. It provides an event-driven architecture and asynchronous programming features that allow developers to write code that uses both traditional blocking I/O and multiple threads to handle events concurrently.
The Twisted web server example demonstrates how to use the Twisted library to create a simple HTTP server which responds with “Hello World” when it receives a GET request with the path /hello/.
Example Code
The following example shows how you can use the twisted.web.server module to create an HTTP server:
import os from twisted.internet import reactor from twisted.web import resource, server from twisted.web import http class HelloWorldResource(resource): def render_GET(self, request): yield “Hello World” class HelloWorldHandler(http.Agent): def __init__(self): self._read = None self._write = None def start(self):
Twisted is a Python networking engine. It includes a Web server, a Web client for fetching and posting data to the server, a TCP/IP client and server, an SMTP client and server, an IRC client and a POP3 server. Twisted also has advanced support for writing asynchronous code in Python.
In addition to the core modules, Twisted also comes with a collection of third-party modules that provide support for many other protocols (e.g., SSH2).
Installation:
You need to install python 2.7 or higher version on your machine before going further. If you have python installed then open cmd terminal and type below command to check the version of python installed on your machine:
python –version.
Twisted is a Python framework for building networked applications.
Twisted is an event-driven framework. It uses the reactor pattern to simplify the integration of different protocols and services, enabling developers to focus on the application rather than the infrastructure. Twisted’s architecture allows it to be used in both client and server modes, with two main user interfaces – one for writing terminal applications (telnet, ssh), and another for writing GUI desktop applications.
Twisted’s concurrency model is based on callbacks which can be used by programmers to implement flexible, modular code that can scale up or down for any number of connections. Twisted supports several protocols, including TCP, UDP, SSL/TLS, DNS, XMPP/Jabber, HTTP 1.1 and SMTP as well as more exotic protocols like SSH1 and IRC.
Twisted also includes a built-in event loop (called Deferred) that can be used in place of threads or other traditional approaches to concurrency control; this allows you to write code that looks a lot like non-concurrent code but runs in a concurrent environment (the reactor).
Twisted is an event-driven networking engine written in Python, and designed for scalability, concurrency and high performance. Twisted supports a number of protocols and libraries that can be used to build networked applications.
Twisted provides a framework for networked applications by providing a non-blocking API for asynchronous programming. This allows programmers to write code in a style similar to that used for single threaded servers, but the overhead of context switching between threads is eliminated because all blocking IO calls are performed by Twisted on behalf of the application.
The Twisted API is based on deferreds, which are callbacks that may not be called until some later time. Callbacks are scheduled using the DeferredManager class, which allows multiple callbacks to be scheduled at once and executed in any order.